Install "android-tools" package (adb and fastboot) in Ubuntu 12.04, 11.10 or 11.04

adb is a tool used in Ubuntu to manage files in a android phone.You can access the file systems in your phone as administrator and it can send commands to phone almost like Ubuntu cd, ls, cat etc. You can install or Uninstall a application from our computer itself

fastboot is a command line tool that you can use to flash your file system of android phone over USB.

after installation connect you phone to computer using USB cable and turn on the USB Debugging

in phone.

Then you can use adb to control your phone

this will guide you to a shell which is similar to a Linux shell 

while you are in the adb shell try

This will shows the commands that run in adb shell